Window construction



NOV. 17, 1931. 1 A, STEWART WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Original Filed July 6.1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. JAMES A. STEWART NOV. 17, V1931. J, A,STEWART 1,832,058

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Original Filed July 6, 1928 3 Sheets-Shea?, 2

INVENTOR. A.

NOV. 17, 1931. n 'J A, STEWART 1,832,058

WINDOW Y CONSTRUCTION Original Filed July 6. 1928 3 Sheets-'Sheet 3INVENTOR.

5 A. STEWART,

Patented Nov. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE JAMES A` STEWART, FoAKLANn, CALIFORNIA, AssIGNOn TO MANAGEMENT .AND

'FINANCE CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION vWINDOW coNsTRIioTIoNY Application led July 6,1928, Serial No. 290,816. Renewed May 4, 1931i.

rl`he invention resides in the provision of a double hung, reversiblewindow which is superior in many points of construction and operation,and in Vconsideration of advantageous results which may be obtainedthereby, compared to'reversible windows such as heretofore constructed.Y

In the double hung, reversible window of this invention, the sashes inaddition to being slidable up and down in thefordinary manner can betilted to swing into the room, or in other words reversed, withoutcausing any portion of the sashes to project outwardly beyond the windowframe. Because of this, it is unnecessary to removescreens, awnings orother attachments such as may be mounted on the outer side of the windowframe, in order to clean the sashes or to dispose them in tiltedpositions for purposes of ventilation.

Another of the advantages of the invention is, the provision for an easyadjustment of vthe sashesinto positions to provide a plucontact with thesill, whereby` aircurrents.

entering the room will be deflected upwardly and the desired ventilationprovided for without direct horizontal drafts into the room. Both sashesmay be tilted lin this manner if desired, or the upper sash tiltedinward while the lower sash remains closed inorder to upwardly directair currents into `the upper part ot the room; The sashesmay beotherwise disposed as desired, dependent upon the ventilation desired.`

F or cleaning the sashes the upper sash may he swung inward and down tolie over and close to the inwardly swung lower sash or either or bothsashes may b'e'swung into other positions for cleaning as desired, withneither sash projecting outward beyond the window frame, and in this wayready access tothe sashes may be had'for cleaning purposes.

j 'Another offthe important features of this invention is theprovisionfor and the maintaining of water proof joints in the windowconstruction, by novel and etective means of a simple and inexpensivenature.

A further; Objectpof this invention is to provide a window constructionwhich will be durable, reliable in operation and not subject to easyderangement,` there being especially constructed means for'maintainingthe vertically slidable members on which the sashes are hung, in properalignment at all times so as toinsureease and reliability of operation,and' durability of construction;

' The window of this invention is characterized by novel and convenientlocking means which, when the sashes are rasped in order to tilt orswing Ythem inwar ly, will automatically lock the slide members 0n whichthe sashesare mounted, against sliding movementregardless ofthe positionof adjustment of said sliding members, thus pro-A' viding for ease andreliability of operation and preventing movement of theslide members outof proper alignment.

lVith'the above mentioned and other ob` jects in view, theinventionconsists in the novel construction jand combination of `partshereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and setforth in the claims heretofappended, it being understood that variouschanges in the form, proportion, sizel and minor details of constructionwithin the scope ot the claims may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit or sacri-i ficing any of the advantages of the invention,

j Referring to the drawings:

Fig, l represents a vertical sectional view ofa window constructed inaccordance with this invention, with parts shown in side "ele-Q vation.j i

Fig. 2 representsV a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the windowtaken on the plane of line 2 2 of Fig. l, with the sash in closedposition.

44VFig. 3 represents a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane ofline 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. l represents a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken on theplane of line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 represents an enlarged sectional view taken on the plane of line5 5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. '6 represents a horizontal section taken on the plane of line 6 6of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 represents a fragmentary sectional viewtaken on the .planeofline'.7 7of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 represents a -cross `sectional view taken on the plane of line 88 of Fig. 2, particularly showing the means for Ilocking the slide barsagainst movement.

Fig. 9 represents al cross sectional view taken on the plane of line 9 9.of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a Vfragmentary perspective view of part of one of the sashes,showing the catch member on theside thereof.

Fig. 11 represents a fragmentary vertical sectional view showing amodified form of means for locking the slide bars against movement. e

Fig. 12 represents anenlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view of themodified form of locking meansshown in Fig. `11.

Fig. 13 represents a verticalsectional view ofa ,window of thisinvention showing in full lines .a ventilation arrangement in which theupper .sash is tilted inward while the lower sash remains vertical andclosed zposition and also showing in .dotted lines a reversedarrangement in which the lupper sash remains vertical and in closedposition while the lower sash is :tilted into open position.

.'Fi'g. 14 represents a vertical sectional view ofthe window of thisinvention as when lthe sashes areadjusted into position for cleaning rstthe upper sash `and then .the lower sash.

The embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawingsincludes a window Vframe .1, on ythe jambs 2 .and .3 of which upper andlower pairsof slide bars t and 5 are slidably mounted. These bars aremounted between the yparting beads /6 and inner :and outer stops 7 and8, .there bein-g provided co-acting flanges 9.on the stops and slidebars :toslidably'retain the bars in place. An upper sash 10 is hung onthe .upper bars LLand a lower sash 11 is hung on the bars 5. The slidebars are connected with the usual weight or cord and pulleycounter-balancing means generally designated 11. rlhe hangers for `thesesashes comprise in each instance, hanger larms 12 pivoted ,at certainends as at 13 to plates 15 fixed to the slide bars, which arms at`their-.other .ends are pivoted as at 16 tothe sides ofthe sashes. Shoes17 are pivoted on .the lower ends of each sashand slidably rvengage ingrooves 19 provided in kthe slide bars. The sashes are .so constructedthat when in closed position they will meet oneranother and the windowframe members in such a way as to provide weather proof joints. By thishanging arrangement, the

-doWs and the operator need not reach out of .the'window lineliectingthe `cleaningl operation. By having the sashes tiltably mountedin thismanner on the slide bars 4: and 5. said sashes may be tilted whenthe slide bars are at any position of vertical adjustment.

In order to maintain weather proof joints and to provide for ease andreliability of operation of the sashes and to also hold thesashessecurely locked with the slide bars against unintentional swingingor movement f relative to the slide bars, the sashes and slide bars areespecially constructed so as to interlit and a special spring means isemployed in connection with the slide bars. En ch sash is provided onopposite side rails with `grooves 19 located between the inner and outerfaces of said rails. which grooves are adapted to receive ribs orprojections 20 formed on the outer faces of the slide members. Thesetongue and groove arrangements provide for holding the sashes and slidemembers in proper relation and also provide for weather proof joints.Adjacent their upper ends. the side rails of each sash are provided withsubstantially V-shaped laterally projecting resilient catch members 21which are adapted to engage the plates 15 and slide over said plateswhen the sashes are returned to vertical posi tion orare moved out ofvertical position. A portion 22 of each plate 15 is bent into a notch orrecess 23 provided in each slide bar. The catch members 21 are adaptedto extend into said recesses 23 so as to abut the metal shouldersprovided by the angularly bent terminals l22 of the plates 15. Thisconstruction provides for a secure holding of the sashes in. properrelation with the slide bars but permits intentional swinging; of thesashes relative to the slide bars. The coacting interiitting members ofthe slide bars and sashes are made operable by employment of bowed leafspring members 2 which are mounted on certain of the slide bars of eachpair and vieldingly and slidably engage the adjacent jambs of the windowframe. The other slide bar of each pair is cut away so as to have aplurality of. in this instance three. spaced projecting portions 25which slidably engage the adjacent j amb, this arrangement reducingfriction. rlhe springs 211 are under tension and at all times urge theslide bars and sashes laterally thereby maintainingl a tight. yieldingContact between the slide barsI and sashes and between the slide barsand liCi window frame, and providing weather proof joints. i ,i

When the sashes are grasped` andswung or tilted out of position betweenthe slide members, the Vshaped members 21 actas cams in riding againstand over the portions 22 of theV plates 15. The spring members 24 willyieldv at this time and permit the slide bars to move apart sufficientlytoV free the sashes. The sashes are limited in their reversing movementby stops 26 mounted in the slots 1-9 of the slide barsa-nd adapted to beengaged by` the shoes when the sashes have been swung into the reversedposition shown'in Fig. 4. To assist in holding the sashes in tiltedposition, the shoes are provided with small knobs or projections 27adapted to engage innotches or like depressions 28 provided in the sidewalls of the slots 19.

It will be noted that theY upper slide bars 4 are thicker than the lowerbars so as to dispose the upper sash hangers 12 in position such thatthey will clear and may be moved in part past the hangers 12 of thelower sash 5 when the two sashes are swung inward to their limits andwhen both sashes are their lowermost'positions.

In order Yto maintain the slide bars 'in proper alignment land toprevent verticalv sliding of said bars when the sashes are tilted orswung relative to said bars, means is provided for automatically lockingthe slide bars against sliding movement, which means will operateincident to the swinging of the sashes relative to the slide bars. Thepresent embodiment of this means includes a friction shoe 29 carriedadjacent the lower end of each slide bar in position to engage theadjacent stop of the window frame and thereby prevent sliding movementof the slide bar. An L-shaped rod 32 is fixed to the inner end of theshoe 29 and is slidably supported in the bracket 30 withnthe leg 33thereof extended through a transverse opening 34, which opening extendsfrom the back of the groove 19 of the slide bar into the re cess 31. Bythis arrangement, the free end of the L-shaped rod 32 is disposed in thegroove 19 of the slide bar. Opposite the leg 33 of this L-shaped memberis a transverse groove 36 into which the leg 33 will extend when theautomatic lock or brake is operated.V An expansion spring 37 is mountedon the member 32 and at its ends abuts the inner end of the shoe 29 andthe bracket 30 so as to at all times urge the shoe 29 into lockingposition. IVhen the sashes are in vertical position between the slidebars regardless of the position of vertical adjustment of the slidebars, the shoes 17 are engaged with the legs 33 of the L-shaped members32 so as to h-old the friction shoes 29 in inoperative position againstthe action of the springs 37. VThe shoes 17 are beveled as at 38 so thatthey will engage the portions 33 of the member 32 and move said memberslaterally so asfto hold the friction shoes 29 out of gripping position.Immediately on the swinging or tilting of either sash relative to theslide bars, the shoes 17 are raised clear of the legs 33 of the Lshapedmember 32 and the springs 37 force the shoes 29 into frictional andlocking engagement with the ad jacent stops of the window frame, therebylocking the slide bars against movement eoincidentally with the swingingof the sash. Thisautomatic locking will take place at any position ofadjustment of the slide bars and not onl).7 prevent the upward sliding'movement of the slide bars as occasionedon swinging the sashes inward,but prevents any upward movement of one bar relative to the other andthereby maintains said bars in proper alignment.

In Figs. 11 and 12 there is shown a modified form of means for loc-kingthe slide bars. In this form of the invention the construction is thesame throughout (the same refervtion of the locking means, which lattercomprises detent members 40 pivoted between their ends as at 41 withincasings 42 set into the lower' ends of the slide bars. The lower ends ofthese detents are adapted to project outward through openings 42 in thecasings, into the sl-ots 19 of the slide bars, in position to Vbeengaged by theshoes 17. The upper ends of the detent members are adaptedto project through openings 43 in said casings 41 and into any one ofa'series of notches or recesses 44 formed in the adjacent jambs of thewindow frame. Retractile springs 45 are connected with the casings anddetente so as to normally urge the upper ends of the detents into thenotches 44. In this form of the invention when the sashes are in uprightposition, the shoes engage the detents and hold them out of lockingposition. On

swinging the sashes relative to the slide bars,"

the shoes 17 are moved clear of the detents, which latter are then movedby the springs 45 so that their upper ends will entend into certain ofthe notches 44 and thereby lock the slide bars against verticaladustment. In this form of locking means, as with the other formpreviously described, after a locking -operatiom when the shoes arereturned `to vertical position, the detents will be engaged by the shoesand withdrawn from locking position.

Having thus described this invention, what I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1'. A'window comprising a window frame; sashes; a pair of slide membersfor each sash, which slide members are slidably supported on the windowframe; hanger arms pivoted at certain ends to the sides of the sasheshetween the upper and lower ends of the latter and pivoted at theirother ends on said slide CIK members; and slide lshoes carried on thesashes adjacent to the lower ends thereofl and slidably engaging withsaid slide members at all times daring adjustment of the sashes.

2.V vA window comprising a window frame; sashes; a pe :of slide membersvertically slidable on the window frame; counter-balancing meansconnected with said slide members and the window frame; meanspivotally'and slidably' connecting the lower end of each sash toopposite slide members; and means pivotalljyv connected'on oppositesides of each sash and the side members to permit the sash to be openedbetween the slide members.

8. A window comprising a window frame; sashes; a pair of slide membersverticali;7 slidable on the window frame; counter-balancing meansconnected with said slide members and the window frame; means pivotallyand sli dably connecting the lower end of each sash to opposite slidemembers; and. means pivotall;Y connected on opposite sides of each sashand the side members to permit the sash to be opened and reversedvbetween the slide members.

4l. A window comprising a window frame; sashesf; a pair of slide membersvertically slidable on the window frame; counter-balancing meansconnected with said slide members and the window frame; means pivotallyand slidably connectingthe lower end of each sash to opposite sli demembers; means pivotally connected on opposite sides of each sash andthe side members to permit the sash to be opened and reversed betweenthe slide members'; and counter-balancing means for said slide membersoperativelg7 connected with the latter and the frame.

5. A window comprisinga window frame; sashes; a pair or" slide membersvertically slidable on the window frame; counter-balancing meansconnected with said slide members and the window frame; means pivotallyand slidably connecting' the lower endl of each sash to opposite slidemembers; means pivotallv connected on. opposite sides of each sash andthe'side members to permit the sash to be opened and reversed betweenthe slide members; and means i'or locking the slide members aga-instmovement. Y

6. A window comprisingr a window frame; sashes; a pair of slide membersvertically slidable on the window frame; counter-balancingr meansconnected with said slide members and the window trame; means pivotallvand slidably connecting the lower end of each sash to opposite slidemembers; means pivotallv connected on opposite sides of eachT sash an dthe side members to permit 'he sash to be opened and reversed betweenthe slide members; and means operating automatically to hold the slidemembers against movement, incident to movement of the sash relative tosaid slide members. p

7. A window comprising a window frame;

a sash; means providing for up and down movement of the sash in thewindow frame; means for pivotally and slidably connecting the lower endof the sash to the lirst mentioned means; and means connected onopposite sides of the sash and to the first mentioned means to permitthe sash to be opened and reversed between said lirst mentioned means.

8. A window comprising a window frame; a sash; merns providing fornpvand down movement-of the sash in the window frame; means forpivotally and slidably connecting the lower end of the sash to the firstmentioned means; means connected on opposite sides of the sash and tothe first mentioned means to permit the sash to be opened and reversedbetween said first mentioned means; and means for lockingthe sashagainst bodily up and down movement operating automatically incident toswinging of the sash.

9. A windowcomprising a window frame; a sash; means providing for up anddown movement of the sash in the window frame; means for pivotallv andslidablyconnecting the lower end of the sash to the first mentionedmeans; means connected on opposite sides ci the sash and to the lirstmentioned means to permit the sash to be opened and reversed betweensaid first mentioned means; and means for locking the sash againstbodily np and down movement operating automatically incident to swingingof the sash, which last named means is released and permits np and downmovement of the sash on the return of the sash to upright position.

l0. A window comprising a window frame; a pair of slide members movableup and down in said frame; a sash disposed between the slide members;means for pivotally and slidablf,7 connecting the lower end of thesashto the opposite slide members; means pivotall;7 connected on oppositesides of the sash and the slide members to permit the sash to be openedand reversed between the slide members; and means yieldably holding oneof the slide members in engagement with the sash.

1l. A window comprising a window frame; a pair of slide members movableup and down in said fram-e; a sash disposed between the slide members;means for pivotally and slidabl;7 connecting' the lower end of the sashto the opposite slide members;

means pivotall;7 connected on opposite sides of the sash and the slidemembers to permit the sash to be opened. and reversed between the slidemembers; means yieldably holding one of the slide members in eng-agementwith the sash, said sash having grooves in opposite tween the slidemembers; shoes arranged vat corresponding points on opposite sides ofthe bottom of the sash and slidably pivoted on the opposite slidemembers; and a support arm pivotally connected at corresponding pointson opposite sides ofthe sash, and pivotally connected to the relativeslide members to permit swinging movement of the sash around the pivotof said shoes between the slide members.

13. A window comprising a window frame; a pair of slide members movableup and down in said frame; a sash disposed between the slide members;shoes arranged at correspondingpoints on opposite sides of the bottomof` the sash and slidably pivoted on the opposite slide members; asupport arm pivotally connected at corresponding points on oppositesides of the sash, and pivotally connected to the relative slide membeisto permit swinging movement of the sash around the pivot of said shoesbetween the slide members; and means for holding the sash againstunintentional movement from a position of alignment with and betweensaid slide members.

14. A window comprising a. window frame; a pair of slidemenibersfmovable up and down in said frame; a sash disposed be-V tweenthe slide members; shoes arranged at correspondingpoints on oppositesides oi` the bottom of the sash and slidably pivoted on the oppositeslide members; a support arm pivotally connected at corresponding pointson opposite sides of the sash, and pivotally connected to thei'elativeslide members to permit swinging movement of the sash aroundthe pivot of said shoes between vthe slide members; and means forholding the sash against unintentional movement from a position ofalignment with and between said slide members, which means includesspring members urging one of the slide members towards the sash; andinterlitting portions on the sash, one of said slide members cooperatingwhen the sash is in position of alignment with the slide members.

15. A window comprising a window frame; slide members movable up anddown in said frame, each of said slide members having a groove therein;asash disposed between the slide members; shoes mounted on the lowerends of the sash and slidably engaged in the grooves of the slidemembers; s hanger arms pivoted at their ends to the sides of the sashand to the slide members respectively; interfitting portions on the sashand slide members cooperating when the latter are in position ofalignment with one another; and means for yieldingly forcing one of` theslide members towards the sash.

16. A window comprising a window frame; slide members movable up anddown in said frame, each of said slide members having a groove therein;a sash disposed between the slide members; shoes mounted on the lowerends of the sashand slidably engaged in the grooves of the slide membersthroughout their entire stroke of adjustment; hanger arms pivoted attheir ends tothe sides of the sash and to the slide membersrespectively; interiitting portions on the sash and slide memberscooperating when the latter are in position of alignment with oneanother; and means for yieldingly forcing one of the slide memberstowards the sash, which means includes a spring carried by a slidemember and slidably engaging an adjacent part of the window frame.

17. -A window comprising a window frame; slide members movable up anddown on saidframe; a sash disposed between said slide members shoes onthe sash guide means on the slide members with which said shoes slidablyengage throughout their entire stroke of adjustment; hangers pivoted attheir ends to thesides of the sash and to said slide members;interfitting portions provided on the sides of the sash and on the slidemembers respectively, `which portions cooperate throughout the length ofthe sash when the latter is in position of alignment with the slidemembers; spring means normally urging one of the slide members towardsthe sash; and means for locking the slide member against up and downmovement.

18. A window comprising a window frame; slide members movable up anddown on said frame; a sash disposed between said slide members; shoes onthe sash; guide means on the slide members with which said shoesslidably engage throughout their entire stroke of adjustment; hangerspivoted at their ends to the sides of the sash and to said slidemembers; interfitting portions provided on the sides `of the sash and onslide members respectively, which portions cooperate throughout thelength of the sash when the latter is in position of alignment with theslide members; Aspring means normally urging one of the slide memberstowards the sash; and means operating automatically to hold the slidemembers against up and down movement incident to movenient of the sashout of position of alignment with the slide members, said holding meansbeing held in inoperative position by said shoes when the sash is inaligned position.

19. A window comprising a window frame; slide members movable up anddown on said frame; a sash disposed between said slide members; shoes onthe sash; guide means on the slide members with which said shoesslidably engage throughout their entire stroke Y of adjustment; hangerspivoted. at their ends to the sidesof the sash and to `said lslidemembers; interitting portions provided on the sides of the sash and onthe slide member respectively,y which portions coopcrate throughout thelength of the sash when los the latter is in position of alignment withthe slide members; spring means normally urging one of the slide memberstowards the sash; means operating automatically to hold the slidevmembers against up and down movement incident to movement of the sashout of position of alignment with the slide members, which last namedmeans comprises a detent member carried by each slide member and adaptedto engage the window frame and by such engagement hold the' slidemembers against movement; and spring means normally urging said detentmember into position of engagement with the frame,

which detent member has a portion thereof disposed to be engaged by theshoe and to be moved out of position of engagement with the window frameand held in such position when the sash is disposed in position ofalignment with the slide members.

20. A window comprising a window frame; slide bars movable up and downin the frame; a sash disposed between the slide bars; shoes carried onthe lower portions of the sash; guide means on the slide bars with whichthe shoes slidably engage throughout their entire stroke of adjustment;hangers pivoted at their ends to the sides ofk the sash I and to theslide bars respectively; spring means interposed between one of theslide bars and window frame and yieldably urging said slide bars towardsthe sash, said slide bars having a recess therein; metal V351. platesmounted on the slide bars with portions thereof extending into saidrecesses; and cam members mounted on opposite sides of the sash adjacentto the upper ends of the sash and arranged to slidably engage with theplates and to extend into said recesses to hold the sash againstunintentional movement outof position of alignment with the slidemembers.

21. A window comprising a window frame; slide bars movable up and downin the frame; a sash disposed between the slide bars; shoes carried onthe lower portions of the sash; guide means on the slide bars with whichthe shoes slidably engage throughout their'entire stroke of adjustment;hangers pivoted at their ends to the sides of the-sash and lto the slidebars respectively; spring means interposed between Yone of the slidebars and the window frame and yieldably urging said slide bars towardsthe sash; said slide bars having a recess therein; metal plates mountedon the slide bars with portionsthereof extending into said recesses; cammembers mounted on opposite sides of the sash adjacent to the upperends' of the sash and arranged to slidably engage with the `plates andVto extend into said recesses to hold the sash against unintentionalmovement out of position of alignment with the slide members, said sashhaving grooves 'ex-V tending throughout the length of the sash oncomprising hanger arms pivoted to the sides.

of the sashes and to said slide members, each Y s of said slide membershaving a groove therein; shoes pivoted on opposite sides of the sashesat the lower ends thereof and slidably engaging in said groovesthroughout their entire stroke of adjustment; means for preventing thesashes from being unintentionally moved out of position of alignmentwith their slide bars; and means operating automatically to hold theslide bars against up and down movement; which means is operated by saidshoes incident to movement of the sashes out of alignment with the slidebars. 23. A window comprising a window frame; sashes; a pairof slidemembers for each sash, which slide members are slidably supported ontheV window frame; co-acting means on the window frame and slide bars toallow vertical rearward movement of the slide bars relative to thewindow frame; hanger arms pivoted at certain ends of the latter andpivoted at their other ends on said slide members; vand slide shoescarried on the sashes adjacent to the lower ends thereof and slidablyengaging with said slide members throughout their entire stroke of sashadjustment.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco,California; this 26th day of April 1928.

JAMES A. STEWART.

lCC

